except for与except的区别

except for与except的区别

except,besides,except for用法的关联和区别
1.作介词用法时,这三个词都有"除…之外"的含义,但except常与do／does／did／have／has／hadnothing等词形成搭配用法,或者与全部肯定词all、everything、everyone等连用,或者与全部否定词nothing、nobody等连用,因此except加宾语作介词"除…之外"时常表示从整体中剔除一部分；而besides作"除…之外"时则表示"另外附加"的含义,相当于"in addition to".试比较下列例句:
1)He did not hing except watch TV yesterday.
2)He said nothing except to smile just now.
3)All the students took at rip except Tom yesterday.
4)We need 3 more persons to finish the job besides／inaddition to us two.
2.作介词用法时的except后可接多种情况的介词短语.在这种情况下,except后的介词是不可省去的,except加介词的实际作用就相当于连词加相关的从句.例如:
1)The weather is fine today except in the northwest.此句相当于:
The weather is fine today except that it is in the northwest.
2)His mother never takes any exercise except on the dance floor.此句相当于:
His mother never takes any exercise except that she has adance on the floor.
需要强调的是except与exceptfor的用法区别:
1)Except后排除的内容与主语往往是同一类的,而exceptfor后所排除的内容与主语往往不是同一类的.例如,试比较:
All the buildings are excellent except this one.
All the buildings are excellent except for their location或者All the buildings are excellent except that the place on which the buidings are built is notgood.
2)当except用在句首时往往改用exceptfor.例如:
There was no single person in the dark street that night except apoliceman on his duty.此句相当于:
Except for apoliceman on his duty,there was no single person in the dark street that night.
3.相当于连词用法的except与相当于连词用法的besides的区别仍然保持它们作介词用法的含义.试比较下列例句:
1)Tom is a good student except that he is careless.此句相当于:Tom is a goods tudent except for his carelessness.
2)Tom seldom comes late to school except when it rains hard.此句相当于:Tom seldom comes late to school except on a heavily rainy day.

except for 是指除了整体中的一部分。
比如：Your dress is pretty except for the color.

except for=besides,除此之外

except: 意为"只有……除外;除去……",后跟名词或代词作宾语,强调从整体中除去部分,即except后的部分不包括在整体之内。因此,常和all, everything, no one, nothing等词一起使用。其判别标志是:除去的与保留的是"同类项"。例如:
1. All of them went out for a walk ________ John.
A. ...

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except: 意为"只有……除外;除去……",后跟名词或代词作宾语,强调从整体中除去部分,即except后的部分不包括在整体之内。因此,常和all, everything, no one, nothing等词一起使用。其判别标志是:除去的与保留的是"同类项"。例如:
1. All of them went out for a walk ________ John.
A. besides B. except C. beside D. excepts
2. Everyone is here ________ Xiao Wang and me.
A. except B. besides C. beside D. excepts
析:Key:1. B 2. A。因除去的与保留的是"同类项",且1、2题中有信息词All、Everyone。
二、except for/that的用法--"排除否定式"
except 除后跟名词、代词作宾语外,还可跟介词,也可跟从句。
except for...: 是"除了因为……;要不是……;除去……一点外"的意思,表示"对一个人或事物,先做一个整体评价,然后再就局部提出一点看法"。即一部分被肯定,另一部分被否定,这就是所谓的"排除否定式"。其判别标志是:除去的与保留的"不是同类项"。例如:
1. It was dark in the city ________ a few weak lights.
A. except for B. except C. besides D. but for
2. Your composition is very good ________ a few spelling mistakes.
A. except that B. except for
C. besides D. beside
析:Key: 1. A 2. B。因为除去的与保留的"不是同类项",故选except for。

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except指同类型中的“除外”
except for则表示不同类型间
比如：
Ican see all my friends here except him
I can see everting here except for my friends