英语单词、词组辨析1、other than ,apart from ,except for ,except ,besides 的不同2、spred ,extend ,stretch ,expand ,enlarge 的不同3、offer ,charge表示“要价”“出价”的表达（介词搭配）4、书本出现feel regret for

英语单词、词组辨析
1、other than ,apart from ,except for ,except ,besides 的不同
2、spred ,extend ,stretch ,expand ,enlarge 的不同
3、offer ,charge表示“要价”“出价”的表达（介词搭配）
4、书本出现feel regret for 但regret并没有形容词的性质,为何这么使用?

1.except和besides都可解作“除……之外”?但含义不同.
except表示“从所提到的人或事物中除去,即从整体中除去一部分”,表示递减的概念,含义是否定的.besides表示“除了……之外,还有……”,指“在整体中加入一部分”,表示递加的概念,含义是肯定的.
试比较：
①We all went except him.
除他之外,我们都去了.(他没有去)
②We all went besides him.
除他之外,我们大家也都去了.(他也去了)
(1)besides常与other／more／else等词连用?except常与all／every／everyone／none／nobody／everything／nothing等总括词连用.
eg.He had other people to take care of besidesme.
All the students in Class One went to the cinema except Li Ping.
(2)若句中没有实义动词do的某种形式?except后接动词不定式?而besides后接动词的-ing形式.
eg.I had no choice except to obey／besides obeying his order.
(3)若句中有实义动词do的某种形式?二者后面都可以接动词原形.
eg.She has nothing to do except／besides go with him.
(4)二者后面都可以接从句.
eg.①Besides that he explained the theory?he gave us some examples.
②He is a good student except that he sometimes comes late to school.
(5)except后面可接for(构成短语except for)或其他介词短语,而besides不能.
except for主要有三层含义：
①表示对整体主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定?起部分修正主要意思的作用.
eg.Your composition is quite excellent except for several spelling mistakes.
②表示非同类事物进行比较.
eg.The street is empty except for several cars.
③置于句首,表达except的含义.
eg.Except for this?everything is in order.
except for后接名(代)词?可以转移为except＋从句或其他介词短语.
eg.The climate here is good except for some rainy days.(except when it rains；except that it sometimes rains；except on the rainy days)
注意：二者用于否定句时含义相同,意思是一样的.
eg.He did nothing besides (＝except) this.
除这件事外,他什么事也没做.
2.apart from兼有besides和except for两种含义,后接名词、代词或动名词.
3.but含义与except相同,都表示递减的概念,二者在多数情况下可以互换,但用法稍有区别.
①except可以代替but?但but并不一定都可以代替except?如果句中有no、all、nobody、who、where等不定代词或疑问词时,多用but?后跟宾语从句时,多用except.
②but for含义有时与except for相同,但主要表示“要不是……”,常用于虚拟句,表示一种假设.
③but位置的变化会引起人称代词主、宾格的变化.
No one but I (＝except me) knows it.
No one knows it but me (＝except me).
4.other than含义与except／but相同,都表示从总体中除去一部分?后接名词、代词或不定式
eg.In that case?there is nothing you can do other than wait.
expand向四周扩展 扩张
extend向两端 延伸
(上面说两个抽象具体都可以)
enlarge扩大体积 使什么东西变大(一般是具体的东西)
spread传播(一般是抽象的东西)
offer:offer sb sth for price
charge:charge price for sth
regret只有动词和名词,没有形容词,所以书上是错的.正确的说法是feel regretful for