学帮网宾补 知识讲解 总结哪些动词后跟动词不定式做宾补
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宾补 知识讲解 总结哪些动词后跟动词不定式做宾补
不定式作宾补的情况：
一、表示“使/让……”概念的动词
这类动词常见的有：have,let,make,get,keep,drive,send,leave,force,cause等.它们后边分别可跟不定式,分词,形容词、介词短语,名词等作宾语补足语.
例如：I felt sorry to have kept you waiting for me so long.对不起,让你久等了.
The victory sent our spirits rising.胜利使得我们情绪高涨.
二、不定式做宾补,不定式符号可以省略的动词
常见的有；see,watch,hear,observe,feel,notice,listen to,llook at等感官动词及表示使役概念的have,let,mak等.这类词在变为被动语态时,其后不定式符号 to常补出.
例如：We are made to work far into the night.我们被迫干活到深夜.注；在这种结构中,watch,have,let一般不变为被动语态.如：The boy was watched to come out.(误）
三、不定式作宾语补足语,其后内容省略而只保留不定式符号的动词此类动词常见的有；refuse,want,intend,oblige,mean,expect,tell,hope,like,love,plan,try,prefer,wish等.例如:-----Why did you cause the baby cry?------Idid n't mean to.
常见的用现在分词作宾补的结构有:
get / leave / keep / set / catch / have sb.doing; see / find / watch / feel / hear / listen to / discover sb.doing 如:
He kept me waiting the whole morning.他让我等了整整一上午.
注意:如果把上述结构变为被动语态(get,have,feel除外),则原来作宾补的现在分词变成主补.如:
The girl was caught stealing.这女孩被抓住偷东西.
高考试题精选:
1.Seeing the sun above the surface of the sea,we let out a shout of joy.
A.to rise B.to raise C.rising D.raising
2.The missing boys were last seen near the river.
析:1.答案是C.本题考查宾语补足语.see可接不定式或分词作补语,此句中宾语sun跟宾补rising 构成主谓关系,且宾补(rising)所表示的动作与前面seeing 所表示的动作同时发生,所以应用现在分词作宾补.2.答案是A.本题考查主语补足语.