it is astonishing that so many people should be absent.这句话 为什么用should be?

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it is astonishing that so many people should be absent.这句话 为什么用should be?

因为是虚拟语气.

should 翻译为竟然,should的特殊用法

It is +形容词+that引导一个主语从句,如果这个形容词表示说话者的强烈思想感情,那么,主语从句要用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用should do.作“竟然”解。如:
It is so strange that he should invite them to dinner.他竟然请他们吃饭,这太奇怪了。
相关形容词还有:impossible,important,amazing等。...

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It is +形容词+that引导一个主语从句,如果这个形容词表示说话者的强烈思想感情,那么,主语从句要用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用should do.作“竟然”解。如:
It is so strange that he should invite them to dinner.他竟然请他们吃饭,这太奇怪了。
相关形容词还有:impossible,important,amazing等。

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在主语从句中,虚拟语气用"should+动词原形"或只用动词原形.这种主语从句由连词that引导.
eg:
1. It is /was +adj. 形容词(important / necessary/ essential/ impossible/ natural/ unthinkable/ strange/ surprising ,etc.)+that...当It is stran...

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在主语从句中,虚拟语气用"should+动词原形"或只用动词原形.这种主语从句由连词that引导.
eg:
1. It is /was +adj. 形容词(important / necessary/ essential/ impossible/ natural/ unthinkable/ strange/ surprising ,etc.)+that...当It is strange /surprising that 常译为"竟然"
2.It is / was +n. 名词(a pity /a shame/ an honour/ a surprise/ no wonder.etc.) +that...
3.It is /was +p.p过去分词(suggested/ requested/ required/ ordered/ proposed/ decided,etc)+that
因此此题属于虚拟语气中主语从句的第一个句型:It’s astonishing(形容词) that so many people (should) be absent.
竟然有那么多人缺席真是让人惊讶。
后面的should可以省略.

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should 的感情色彩有很多种,这里是表惊讶。
看一下牛津或朗文字典,解释比较全。