学帮网英语翻译
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英语翻译
蚯蚓可以通过大量的化学感受器来感测化学品,并回避污染物.如在本研究中,我们还观察到,被置入玻璃容器中的蚯蚓,都停留在被污染土壤的顶层,而不是钻进土坏,随后几天,蚯蚓就死亡.这可以解释为回避行为,除了对蚯蚓的急性和繁殖测试之外,亦支持行为测试.对于毒死蜱,浓度对回避反应的影响远远超过了生长和繁殖力（表3）,很可能是蚯蚓未能从被农药污染的土壤中逃脱至在该区域底层的清洁土壤,因此持续暴露在高温浓度的农药下.然而,大多数以生态毒理学为基础的风险评估方法,往往于敏感性不同范围（致死、亚致死）内进行,使用的端点,如死亡率、生物量变化、繁殖率,而忽视行为反应.因此,使用仅取自急性和慢性毒性试验的毒性数据,以评估生态毒性风险可能会低估在土壤的污染物对无脊椎种群的影响.
原文如下：
Earthworms can sense chemicals via a large number of chemoreceptors,and avoid the contaminations.As in the present study,we also observed earthworms that were introduced into glass containers staying on the top layer of the contaminated soil instead of moving into it,followed by worms dying a few days later.This can be interpreted as avoidance behavior,which supports the justification of behavioral tests in addition to acute and reproduction testing in earthworms.For chlorpyrifos,concentration affecting avoidance response was far more than that for growth and fecundity (Table 3),it seems likely that earthworm were not able to escape from pesticide-contaminated soil into the underlying clean soil in field and hence were exposed continuously to elevated concentrations of pesticides.However,most ecotoxicologically based risk assessment methods often operate at different ranges of sensitivity (lethal,sublethal) using endpoints such as mortality,change of biomass,reproduction rates,by neglecting behavioral response.Consequently,the use of toxicity data obtained exclusively from acute and chronic toxicity tests to evaluate ecotoxicological risk may underestimate the effects of pollutants on soil invertebrate populations.